对外贸易、产业结构与经济增长——基于中国和印度的比较

Foreign Trade,Industrial Structure and Economic Growth——Based on Comparison between China and India

中国和印度都属劳动力丰富的国家,但两国的贸易结构及方式、产业结构却有很大的区别。作为发展中大国的中国和印度,如何发挥对外贸易和产业结构升级在经济增长中的作用,是当前面临的重要课题。贸易模式和产业结构的正确选择是中国和印度保持经济稳定增长的基础。服务业和工业已是印度经济增长的两大驱动器,服务出口占出口的比重一直较大,制造业也不断融入国际分工;贸易模式的转型和积极发展第三产业是中国经济长期增长的必要条件。

China and India are countries with abundant labors and numerous manufacturing industry.There are big differences in trade structures and the industrial structures for both countries.To be large developing countries,China and India how to give play to role of foreign trade and upgrading of an industrial structure for economic growth,how to collectly chose trade pattern and industrial structure are the basic issues for China and India's economics growth.Services and industry are two major drivers in Indian economic growth,exports of services account for large proportion of total exports,and manufacturing industry has been integrated into international division.Transformation of trade patterns and development of tertiary industry is necessary condition for long-term economic growth in China.