浅议1912-1915年的中学国文教科书

On Secondary Schools' Chinese Textbooks from 1912 to 1915

1902年中学教育正式确定后,国文教科书经历了从政府编纂到非政府书局编纂的过程。在蔡元培"五育"方针的指导下,民初中学教科书的内容注重将文法写作、领悟文章美感以及提升道德素养等融入国民意识培养的体系中,带有不甚明显的爱国主义色彩,加之其取材中国经典文化和由浅入深的编排,一定程度上达到了引导社会价值判断的目的。不过由于课程设置与编纂的矛盾,受众有限,其培养国民意识的效果并未达到预期。

After secondary school education was established in 1902,Chinese textbooks＇ compilation went through an experience from government to non-governmental press.Under the guidance of Cai Yuanpei＇s ＂five educations＂,secondary school education showed kind of patriotism,because the content of Chinese textbooks focused on building up national sense by teaching students writing,comprehension and moral enhancement.Besides,the textbooks were based on Chinese traditional culture.With systematical arrangement,the books achieved the aim of leading social valuation.However,it was not to the point as much as expected on cultivating national sense for the reason of curriculum design opposite to books＇ compilation.