上海某综合性医院内科门诊患者焦虑与抑郁症状调查

Prevalences of anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms among outpatients in the internal medicine departments of a large general hospital in Shanghai

目的调查综合性医院内科门诊患者的焦虑和抑郁症状的发生率及不同性别、年龄、文化程度和职业间的差异。方法采用综合性医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)在上海某三级综合性医院4个普通内科门诊按10∶1随机调查6117例患者,有效回收完整量表6104例。HADS每个亚量表评分大于等于8分即表示存在焦虑或抑郁症状。结果调查对象中焦虑和抑郁的检出率分别为9.5%(95%CI=8.8%～10.2%)和23.0%(21.9%～24.1%)。其中30岁以下、文化程度高、职业为学生或无业者的人群,焦虑检出率较高;男性、60岁及以上、文化程度低、职业为农民或学生的人群抑郁检出率较高。结论上海三级综合性医院内科门诊患者焦虑和抑郁的发生率较高,应提高识别率,给予有效的预防和干预。

Objective：Estimate the prevalences of anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms among internal medical outpatients in a general hospital in Shanghai and compare the prevalences by sex, age, level of education and occupation. Methods： A 1∶10 random sample was identified from outpatients of four internal medicine departments in a large tertiary general hospital; 6 117 subjects were selected and 6 104 of them completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale （HADS）. Anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms were considered present if the scores on the respective sub-scales were 8 or above. Results：The prevalences of anxiety and depressive symptoms were 9.5%（95%CI=8.8%-10.2%） and 23.0%（21.9%-24.1%）, respectively. The prevalence of anxiety symptoms was higher in patients who were less than 30 years old, who had higher levels of education, and who were students or unemployed. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was higher in patients who were male, who were more than 60 years old, who had less education, and who were farmers or students. Conclusion：The prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among patients seen in the internal medicine outpatient departments of large general hospitals in Shanghai is high. Efforts should be made to increase the rates of identification and treatment of these patients and to institute appropriate preventive measures.