从经典民族志看功能学派内研究取向的异同——读《西太平洋的航海者》和《安达曼岛人》

The Similarities and Differences of the Research Orientation from Classic Ethnography of Functionalist School——Reading The West Pacific Voyager and The Andaman Islanders

马林诺夫斯基和拉德克利夫-布朗均为功能学派的创始人,他们的经典民族志《西太平洋的航海者》和《安达曼岛人》在人类学的发展史上有着不可磨灭的作用。从他们的经典民族志来看功能学派内研究取向的异同,会发现他们都运用科学的田野调查方法以整体观来分析研究对象的功能,也会发现他们在研究方法上的细微差别以及对象的不同。

Malinowski and Radcliffe Brown are the founders of functionalist school.Their classic ethnography in The West Pacific Voyager and The Andaman Islanders has an indelible effect in the history of anthropology.From the similarities and differences of the research orientation from classic ethnography of functionalist school,we could find that they had used scientific fieldwork methods to analyze the function of research object on the overall concept,and the differences in research methods and objects.