松嫩平原盐碱化草地植物群落格局的分形分析

Fractal of pattern in plant communities in alkalized-salined grassland of the Song-Nen Plain

本文利用100m连续样带上每个样方(1×1m2)中各土壤因子及地上植物的总盖度和生物量,根据地统计学思想,把样带上各样方内的实测值作为依赖变量(Zi),运用区域化随机变量理论(Regionalized Variable theory),求得各实测值在不同尺度(即样方间隔)上相对应的半方差值,做成双对数半方差图(Semi-variogram)获得分形维数。通过分形分析知:土壤各生态因子的相似性在一定的尺度范围,这个范围与植物被总盖度和地上生物量的相似性范围具有一致性。地上植物群落的格局规模与土壤因子的格局规模是相近的,这对植被格局成因分析提供了一个有力的证据,说明了土壤因子决定地上植被类型与状况,同时也说明植被对环境的反应是可信的。和以往的样方方差分析对比,分形分析在植被与环境关系的分析上,具有很好的优势。

Using the data of soil factor,total vegetation coverage and the number of species on each sampling quadrate in a 100-metre-long continuous sample belt,depending on the sample analysis of variance methods（BQV,TTLQV,PQV）,calculate every variance in different areas,to find the existence of around 6-7m radius of gathered scale distribution pattern for the vegetation in the investigation sample belt.And it also found for the soil factor ph,basicity,soil moisture.Moreover,the radius of around 8m exists for soil organic matter.All above presents the similarity between the plant communities and soil factor in pattern scale,providing a strong evidence for the analysis of vegetation patterns.