孟子诗学观在汉代的影响——以《韩诗外传》对孟子“迹熄《诗》亡”观的承传为例

The Influence Mencius' View of Poetics Has in Han Dynasty——A Case Study of "The trait of emperor will not last if the poetry is lost" in "Anecdotes to Haan Poem"

汉代四家诗在解《诗》用《诗》的过程中,无不突出强调《诗》的王道政教功能,把《诗》视为承载王道政教的政治教科书,这也是汉《诗》经学特点的最重要的表现之一。而这一特点,又以《韩诗外传》表现最为突出。不过追根溯源却会发现,汉代诗学的这一经学特点源于对孟子"王者之迹熄而《诗》亡"观点的承袭和践行。甚至可以说,孟子的"迹熄《诗》亡"观,在一定程度上规定了汉诗解经释旨的诗学方向。

When the ＂Poetry＂ was explained and used in Sijia（Four poets） poetry in Han dynasty,the function of indoctrination of imperial power was greatly emphasized.This is also one of the most important features of ＂Poetry＂ in Han dynasty,and these features were well represented in ＂Anecdotes to Haan Poem＂.While when we examine the origin of this phenomenon,we will see that these features were the continuity and practice of Mencius＇ view of ＂the trait of emperor will not last if the poetry is lost＂.It is even safe to say that the view which is held by Mencius set up the explanation and interpretation of poetics by Han poetry to certain extent.