寻根文学的文学形态论——基于寻根文学文化立场的思考

Literay Forms of the Search-for-Roots Literature

寻根文学是当代文学从启蒙立场转向多元化立场的重要表征,受到了世界文化寻根、反殖民主义以及文化启蒙各种思潮的影响,因此在表述和评价民族文化时产生价值分野,形成反思型、乡恋型和互补型这三种文学形态。其中,反思型寻根文学延续了新时期的文学启蒙立场,用启蒙理性烛照民族文化,带有明显的乡怨和乡愁意味;乡恋型寻根文学受到了世界寻根文学和反殖民主义潮流的影响,歌颂乡土中国和传统文化,带有明显的反西方文化中心主义的色彩;而互补型寻根文学则游走于两者之间,既正视乡土中国的痼疾,又彰显民族文化的魅力。

Search-for-Roots Literature is an important marker for the comtemporary literature turing from enlightment to diversity.It was influenced by the world wide cultural search for roots,the anti-colonialism and the enlightenment,and therefore,it produced contradictory views in presenting and evaluating national or ethnic cultures,making three literary forms of the reflective,the appreciative and the complementary Search-for-Roots Literatures.The reflective type viewed the ethnic or national culture from the enlightenment position with a nostalgic emotion;the appreciative type under the influence of the root-seeking literature and the anti-colonialism worldwide presented a will to praise the folk,the tradition and the Chinese culture against the west-as-center concept,whereas the complementary stood out between the two extremes,treasuring the value and charm of national culture while understanding its handicaps and defects.