《睡虎地秦墓竹简》句类分析

Analysis to Sentence Types of Bamboo Slips in Shuihudi Tombs of Qin Dynasty

法律语言包括立法语言和司法语言,对于目前我国最早的法律文本—《睡虎地秦墓竹简》(以下简称《睡简》)来说,尽管其立法语言和司法语言界限并不是那么严格清楚,但从各篇目的句类选择运用及其分布来看,对于研究我国古代法律语言特点有着重要的价值。因此,从语言学的理论角度对《睡简》中的句类进行静态描写分析,描写我国古代法律文本在立法、司法等语言中对句类的选择要求,试图探寻现代法律语言对古代法律语言在句类上的继承和发展,整理出句类在我国古代法律语言中的功能特点,这对于研究我国法律语言具有重要意义。

Legal language includes legislative language and judicial language.Although the legislative language and judicial language are not strictly distinguished in Shuijian,which is one of the earliest law texts in China,it plays an important role in the study of the characteristics of ancient Chinese law language through the choice sentence types and distribution of the sentences.Sentence types are partitioned on the base of the sentences function.They are connected closely with the pragmatic functions.And for the law texts,sentence types are important factors of delivering in the texts＇ natures and standardizing the messages.So we pay great attention to the adverbs in each section and chapter such as certain adverbs,negative adverbs,adverbs of mood,as well as some modal particle.with the purpose of providing some material for the further study on the characteristics of ancient Chinese law language.