碎屑岩地震储层学的内涵及关键技术

Basic concept and key technologies of clastic seismic reservoir

地震储层学是石油地震地质学的一个分支学科,是在地震地层学、层序地层学及地震沉积学基础上发展起来的。而碎屑岩地震储层学作为地震储层学的有机组成部分,是上述分支学科的不断延续和发展。文中探讨了碎屑岩地震储层学及其与相关学科的关系,重点阐述了碎屑岩地震储层学的内涵、研究内容及对应的关键技术。初步分析认为,地震储层学主要利用高分辨率三维地震和开发地震资料,综合地质、测井及分析化验资料,针对碎屑岩储层开展半定量、定量化三维几何形态的空间特征描述,研究尺度可至开发小层和单砂体,准确描述井间储层的非均质性以及定性、半定量预测储层的物性及流体特征。在此基础上刻画储层的几何形态,建立储层的地质模型和孔、渗、饱等物性和流体模型,除适用于勘探各阶段之外,同时也适用于开发早期、滚动勘探目标评价落实阶段及开发中后期方案的调整阶段。

Seismic reservoir is a subdiscipline of reservoir geology developed based on seismic stratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy and seismic sedimentology, while clastic seismic reservoir is an important part of seismic reservoir and is the continued research and development of above-mentioned subdiscipline. The clastic seismic reservoir and the development of related subjects are briefly summarized, and the connotation, research contents and key technologies of clastic seismic reservoir are emphatically discussed. It mainly uses high resolution 3D seismic and production seismic data, as well as geological, logging and analysis testing data, making production members and single sand body as it’s ordinarily research targets, to describe the 3D spatial configuration of clastic reservoir semiquantitatively and quantitatively, to accurately determine the heterogeneity of inter-well reservoir and qualitatively predict the reservoir property and fluid features. Based on the above-mentioned research, the reservoir lithofacies model and physical property models of porosity, permeability and saturation are established. Clastic seismic reservoir is applicable not only for every exploration stages, but also for the early development stage and the target evaluation implementation stage of progressive exploration, as well as the plan adjustment in the intermediary and later stage.