1起流行性出血热暴发的流行病学调查

Epidemiological Investigation on the Outbreak of Hemorrhagic Fever

[目的]探讨控制流行性出血热的策略和防治措施。[方法]用描述流行病学的方法对2008年5月21日至6月4日长白朝鲜族自治县马鹿沟镇三参场外来民工流行性出血热发病情况进行分析。[结果]5~6月份属于流行性出血热的发病高峰期,暴发主要是接触了被鼠分泌物及排泄物污染的物品或食物引起的,采取灭鼠及灭螨,搞好个人卫生,不吃生冷食物,接种出血热疫苗后,暴发终止。[结论]健全疫情报告制度,采取相应措施,加强流动人口管理,坚持＂谁用工、谁教育、谁负责＂的原则,疫区作业＂先灭鼠,后入住＂,穿好＂三紧防护服＂;加强对外来民工的卫生管理和教育工作;改善民工居住条件,注射出血热疫苗;提高广大群众自我保健意识是控制和预防疾病暴发的关键所在。

[Objective] To explore the control strategies and preventive method of hemorrhagic fever.[Methods]The epidemic of hemorrhagic fever among migrant workers in Malugou town of Changbai Korean Autonomous County was analyzed with descriptive epidemiological method from 21st May to 4 June.[Results]The epidemic peak of hemorrhagic fever was from May to June.It was caused by rat secretion-infected materials and secretion contaminated foods.The outbreak was controlled after carrying out deratization and mite control as well as the improvement of personal hygiene,not eating cold and raw food,vaccination of hemorrhagic fever vaccine.[Conclusion]The keys of disease control and prevention were perfecting the epidemic reporting system of the disease,strengthening the management of floating population and the responsibility of education,management for the target people,deratization first before moving into the houses,wearing standard protective clothing,strengthening management and health education for migrant workers,improving the living condition,giving vaccine inoculation as well as the improvement of self health care.