深圳市宝安区西乡社区儿童水痘疫苗接种率及影响因素分析

Analysis on Varicella Vaccination among Children and its Impact Factors in Xixiang Community,Baoan District

[目的]了解社区儿童水痘疫苗接种情况及其影响因素,探讨社区儿童水痘疫苗接种效果,提高疫苗接种率。[方法]2009年9-10月,对深圳市宝安区西乡预防保健所辖区街道1-10岁儿童进行调查。[结果]调查490名儿童,水痘疫苗接种率为47.55%。接种水痘疫苗后1个月至10年间,接种组水痘及轻型皮疹、重型皮疹、发热发生率分别为13.30%、10.30%、3.00%、11.59%,未接种组分别为37.96%、26.45%、10.51%、30.74%,接种组均低于未接种组（P〈0.01）。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,本地户籍、家庭月人均收入≥3 000元、医院分娩的儿童水痘疫苗接种率较高（OR=2.34,1.68,3.42,P〈0.01）。[结论]社区儿童的水痘疫苗接种率较低,应加大水痘疫苗知识的宣传,提高各人群对水痘疫苗的认识,提高接种率,有效预防水痘疾病的发生。

[Objective] To understand varicella vaccination and its impact factors among children in Xixiang community,Baoan district,explore the effect of varicella vaccination and improve the vaccination rate.[Methods]A survey was made among 1 to 10 years old children in Xixiang community,Baoan district in September-October,2009.[Results]Among 490 cases,47.6% children received varicella vaccination.The incidence was 13.30%,10.30%,3.00%,and 11.59% in the vaccination group,and the non-vaccination group,was 37.96%,26.45%,10.51%,and 30.74%,in varicella,light skin rash,severe skin rash and fever,lower in the vaccination group compared with the non-vaccination（P0.01）.Multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that the varicella vaccination of children with local household registration,household monthly per capita income of ≥ 3 000 Yuan,hospital delivery was higher（OR=2.34,1.68,3.42,P0.01）.[Conclusion]The varicella vaccination rate is lower among community children,publicity should be increased on knowledge of varicella vaccination to increase the population＇s understanding,so as to improve the vaccination rate and effectively prevent the occurrence of varicella.