论施米特的政治概念及其严肃性

On Carl Schmitt's Concept of the Political and Its Seriousness

为恰当理解施米特的政治概念及其道德严肃性,文章首先指出了施米特和毛泽东对于政治的不同理解;其次论证了施米特的政治概念背离了霍布斯政治哲学的文明精神;再次,经由施特劳斯说明了施米特对政治的肯定在一定意义上也是对道德生活的肯定;再其次,文章引入并且反思了胡伊青加对施米特的批评;最后,解释了施米特的"现实教育"原则及其与席勒"审美教育"原则之间的理论关系,及其在思考政治思想史和政治秩序问题上的启迪意义。

In order to explore the proper meaning of Carl Schmitt's concept of the political and its moral seriousness,this essay first discusses seeming similarities and substantial differences between Schmitt's and Mao Zedong's understanding of politics,next demonstrates that Schmitt's concept of the political restores Thomas Hobbes's theory of the state of nature and yet betrays the end of civilization expressed in Hobbes's political philosophy,then explains the moral seriousness to which Schmitt's affirmation of the political points,lastly introduces Johan Huizinga's critique of Schmitt and indicates Schmitt's insistence on an 'education on reality' in contradistinction to Huizinga's belief in the absolute values,and finally argues that Schiller's attempt to reconcile the conflict between sense and reason leads eventually to an emancipation of sense and hence of politics,and concludes by suggesting that the conflict between political realism and political idealism remains as a fundamental question in the theoretical realm as well as in the political world.