两起疑似织纹螺中毒事件的实验室调查

Laboratory investigation of Two Suspected Nassarius poisoning cases

目的:对浙江省乐清市两起疑似织纹螺食物中毒样品进行实验研究,测定引起食物中毒的织纹螺麻痹性贝类毒素的毒力。方法:根据出口贝类麻痹性贝类毒素检验方法,小鼠腹腔注射织纹螺麻痹性贝类肉质提取液,测定鼠单位。按出口贝类麻痹性贝类毒素和美国FDA的贝类麻痹性毒素标准判断。部分新鲜度不良的织纹螺在下半段的消化腺部分发生了液化现象,我们尝试收集了取螺肉过程中流出的黏稠液体进行了毒力测定。结果:两份引起食物中毒的剩余的织纹螺肉,毒力分别为259.2 MU/g和265.6 MU/g,分别为国际上规定的安全限值的64.8和66.4倍。黏液毒力试验结果显示有毒性作用,但试验数据变异较大。结论:这两起食物中毒均由食用了毒力较强的织纹螺所致。由于黏液样品量较少,未能作进一步的分析。其毒性作用有可能是贝类毒素和其他因素的共同结果(如微生物污染等)。

Objective：To investigate the toxicity of two nassidae samples,which were suspected to cause food poisoning in Zhejiang Yueqing.Methods： According to ＂method for determination of paralytic shellfish poison（PSP） in shellfish for export＂,the toxicity was tested by mouse bioassay method for PSP.The extracts of nassarius were injected in mice by i.p.,and the toxicity was judged according to the tested mouse unite（MU） with the Standard of Paralytic Shellfixh Poison of Exporting Shellfish in China and the cooresponding standard of FDA in USA.Liquefaction phenomena in the digest gland of bad fresh Nassarius occurred,so their viscous liquid was collected.Results： The toxicity of two remaining Nassarius flesh samples was 259.2 MU/g and 265.6 MU/g respectively,as 64.8 and 66.4 times as that of the international security limitation.Mucus toxicity test showed the toxic effects,but the variation of data was larger.Conclusion： The two cases of food poisoning were caused by strong toxicity of Nassarius.Few mucus samples were offered and it is not enough for further analysis.The toxicity effects may be caused by PSP and other factors（such as microbial contamination,etc.）.