“J-11”和“中国春”与黑麦杂种胚胎发育的比较研究

Comparative Studies 0n the Development of Hybrids between “J-11” and Rye or “Chinese Spring” and Rye

对小麦商亲和品系"J-11"和"中国春"与黑麦远缘杂交的受精作用和胚胎发育进行了比较研究。黑麦花粉能在小麦柱头上萌发，花粉管可顺利长入花柱和胚囊。"J-11"已授粉的192个子房中，91．12％既形成胚又形成胚乳，2．08％只形成胚，1．04％只形成胚乳，总受精率为94．24％，成胚率为93．20％。而"中国春"授粉的192个子房中，相应的数据是80．21％、4．17％。2．60％、86．％％和84．38％。表明"J－11"比"中国春"与黑麦的可杂交性明显更高。

The fertilization and embryo developrnent in crosses of 'J - 11' X Secale cereale and 'Chinese Spring' X Secale cereale wcre studied. Thc pollengcrmination of S. cereate appcar on the stigma of wheat and thc pollcn tubcs grow in thc style and cntercd the cmbryo sacs. Of 192 pollinated ovaries of 'J - 11,', 91. 12 % had embryo and endosperm, 2. 08 % had 0nly cmbryo and 1. 04% had only endosperm. The total ratc of fertilization was 94. 24 %. The total rate ofembryo formation was 93. 20 %. While of 192 pollinated ovaries of 'Chinesc Spring', the corrcsponding figures were as follows: 8O - 21 %, 4. 17 %, 2. 60 % , 86. 98 % and 84. 38%. Thesc results indicatcd that thc crossability of 'J - 11' with rye is higher than that of 'Chincsc Spring' with ryc.