不同株龄明党参化学成分分析

Change of chemical constituents in Changium smyrnioidesat different ages

目的：探究明党参化学成分的动态变化规律，为明党参规范化栽培提供理论指导。方法：运用HPLC，GC-MS和比色法对不同株龄明党参根中多糖、甘露醇、胆碱、生理性灰分、水溶性成分及茎叶中挥发油成分进行分析，并用夹角余弦法计算水溶性成分的相似系数。结果：不同株龄明党参根中水溶性成分、甘露醇、胆碱和生理性灰分含量均差异显著，多糖含量差异不显著。甘露醇、生理性灰分和多糖含量成年株高于幼年株；水溶性成分和胆碱含量幼年株高于成年株。随生长年限的增长，根中水溶性成分和茎叶挥发油成分具有集中转化的趋势，主要成分越来越突出。结论：生长年限对明党参化学成分有显著性影响，合理采收年限在明党参移栽后的2—4年内。

Objective： To analyze the dynamic change of chemical constituents in Changium smyrnioides at different ages and give a reference for standard cultivation. Method： The contents of polysaccharides, mannitol and choline in the roots were determined by colorimetry. HPLC was used to analyze water-soluble components in the roots. GC-MS was Used to analyze volatile oil components in the leaves. Similarity coefficient of water-soluble components was calculated by included angle cosine method. Result： There was significant difference in content of the analyzed chemical constituents except polysaccharide. Contents of mannitol, physiological ash and polysaccharide in the adult plant were higher than those in the young plant. On the contrast, content of water-soluble components and choline in the young plant was higher than that in the adult plant. With the increase of the growth years, water-soluble components in the roots and volatile oil components in the leaves were gradually concentrated. Conclusion： The growth time significantly affects the chemical constituents in Ch. smyrnioides, the reasonable harvest time is from the second to the forth year after transplanting.