外生菌根在森林生态系统中的重要性(Ⅰ)──外生菌根对宿主树木的影响

The Significance of Ectomycorrhizas in Forest Ecosystems: the Influence of Ectomycorrhizas on Host Trees

文章根据国内外的菌根文献资料，综述了外生菌根形成对宿主树木的影响。外生菌根对宿主树木的主要作用包括：外生菌粮能扩大树木根系的吸收面积和吸收范围、增强宿主树木对营养元素的吸收和利用．菌根菌还能通过合成植物激素来调节共生双方。菌根还能提高宿主树木的抗病性和抗逆性。

On the basis of the papers related to ectomycorrhizas, the influence of ectomycorrhizas on the hosttrees was reviewed in this paper. The formation of ectomycorrhizas can promote tree's growth andimprove tree performance through increasing nutrient and water uptake, enlarge absorbing area and rangeof tree root system, regulate host tree and symbiotic fungi with Phytohormones produced by ectomyco-rrhizal fungi, protect against pathogens. Ectomycorrhizas also can enhance the ability of host tree toadapt to the sites under environmental stresses, and protect the tree from heavy metal toxicity.