运动与骨骼肌葡萄糖转运通路研究进展

Progress of the Research on the Relations between Sport and Glucose Transport in Skeletal Muscle

经过近40年的研究,现在已经证实不论是规律的有氧运动、剧烈的单次运动或者长期的抗阻训练,以及有氧结合抗阻运动训练都可以缓解胰岛素抵抗症状、增强胰岛素敏感性、提高整个机体的血糖清除能力以及增加骨骼肌的葡萄糖转运能力。在骨骼肌胰岛素信号转导通路涉及:胰岛素受体自动磷酸化、IRS-1/2酪氨酸残基的磷酸化、酪氨酸激酶激活以及磷脂酰肌醇3激酶的激活。而运动诱导的骨骼肌葡萄糖转运能力提高涉及的机制尚未明确。目前的研究主要集中在AMPK、CaMK、MAPKs、PKCs以及SIRTs等信号分子。在此对近年来关于AMPK和CaMK在运动诱导骨骼肌葡萄糖转运中的作用的研究进展进行综述。

Over the past 40 years＇ research,it has been proved that the aerobic exercise training,single bout of acute exercise and long-term resistant exercise training or aerobic exercise connected with resistant exercise training could increase the insulin sensitivity and alleviate the symptoms of insulin resistance.Insulin signaling involves the rapid phosphorylation of the insulin receptor,insulin receptor substrate-1 and-2 on tyrosine residues and the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase（PI3-kinase）.It seems that there may be a number of signaling proteins involved in the exercise signaling mechanism.Recently more and more studies have focused on identifying the functions of AMPK,CaMK,MAPKs,PKCs and SIRTs.The objective of this article is to discuss the role of AMPK and CaMK as mediators of exercise-induced signaling events.