硫酸铜溶液应用于白纹伊蚊幼虫控制的研究

Study on Copper Sulphate to Control Aedes （Stegomyia） albopictus （Skuse） Larvae

高浓度的硫酸铜溶液对卵粒的孵化产生了显著的影响;在1、10 和100 mg/L硫酸铜溶液中,白纹伊蚊卵粒孵化率与自来水对照有显著差异;而在0.5 mg/L硫酸铜溶液中,孵化率差异不显著.高浓度的硫酸铜溶液对白纹伊蚊幼虫发育具有明显的抑制作用;1、10和100 mg/L的硫酸铜溶液对Ⅰ～Ⅱ龄白纹伊蚊幼虫有强烈的致死作用,蚊幼虫24 h后死亡率为100%.高浓度的硫酸铜溶液对白纹伊蚊孕蚊产卵具有明显的驱避作用,然而绊根草浸液可以减弱此驱避作用.在现场试验中发现：放置一周后,所有盛有自来水的容器内全部孳生有白纹伊蚊幼虫或蛹,而在100 mg/L硫酸铜溶液的容器中,前7周几乎未发现蚊幼虫或蛹的孳生,自第7周始,孳生蚊幼虫的阳性桶数才不断增加.硫酸铜溶液可以应用于白纹伊蚊幼虫的控制.

The presence of copper sulphate in the water at the higher doses affected egg hatch of Ae. albopictus. Significantly less eggs hatched in the water with the dose of I mg/L or 10 mg/L or 100 mg/L eopper sulphate than in the tap water control while there were no signifieant difference in the number of egg hatch between in the water with the dose of 0. 5 mg/L copper sulphate and in the tap water eontrol. The higher dose of copper sulphate could kill Ae. albopictus larvae. Most of first and second instars died after being exposed to 1 mg/L or 10 mg/L or 100 mg/L copper sulphate for 24 h. The higher eoneentration of eopper sulphate were repellent for gravid females to deposit eggs, while the avoidness could be weakened or eliminated by Bermuda grass infusion. Almost no larvae or pupae were found in the ovitraps containing 100 mg/ L copper sulphate after being exposed for seven weeks in the field while arvae or pupae were present in the most of ovitraps containing tap water in the field~ Copper sulphate could be used to control Ae. albopictus larvae.