垂榆冻害调查及其影响因素的分析

The investigation on freeze injury and factor analysis of Ulmus pumila var.pendula

对长春市4个不同地点（路段）栽植垂榆的受冻害状况进行了调查与分析,结果表明：4个调查地点垂榆的冻害率分别为67.0%、31.0%、72.0%和92.0%,平均值为65.5%;冻害指数分别为31.0、11.4、49.2和64.9,平均值为39.1。20092010年冬春季节持续低温的累积作用是导致发生冻害的主要因素,老龄植株生长后期的嫁接不亲和作用与砧木个体抗寒能力的遗传差异亦是影响因素之一。

We investigated and analyzed the freeze injury of Ulmus pumila var.pendula at four sites in Changchun city.The results showed the freeze injury rate were 67.0%,31.0%,72.0% and 92.0% at four sites,averaging at 65.5%.The freeze injury index were 31.0,11.4,49.2 and 64.9,averaging at 39.1.Accumulated effect of low temperature in winter and spring during 20092010 was the major factor for freeze injury.The graft incompatibility of old-aged plants and genetic diversity of cold-resist ability of graft stock were also the factors for freeze injury of Ulmus pumila var.pendula.