“属辞比事”:作为中国文章学创作方法论

Coupling Words & Fact Comparison:Being the Writing Norm of Chinese Article

"属辞比事"是《春秋》之教,也是《春秋》笔法。"属辞"指属合、联属文辞,"比事"指比类、比次事实。《春秋》讲究遣词造句,且善于综合比次史事,而其最终目的乃是体现史义,即通过对历史事实的取舍、详略和缀辞来惩恶劝善。《春秋》之"属辞比事"经《左传》、《史记》发扬光大后,泛指撰文记事的一种标准方法,既适合于修纂史书,也应用于文学创作,是中国文章学的一种创作方法。

Coupling words fact comparison was the function of the Spring Autumn Annals as well as the writing style of the Spring Autumn Annals.Coupling words meant linking words and fact comparison meant dealing with fact.Words and constructions were done and history fact were synthesized in the Spring Autumn Annals in order to materialize historic significance,that was to say,to punish evil and persuade goodness in taking and abandoning,detailing and summarizing history fact and linking words.Coupling words fact comparison of the Spring Autumn Annals was carried forward by Zuo Zhuan and Shi Ji and became the norm of writing and chronicling,which was suitable for history and literature production.