南京地区黑水鸡繁殖期行为生态研究

Ecology of Behavior of Gallinula chloropus (Linnaeus) in Reproduction Stage in Nanjing Area

[目的]全面了解南京地区黑水鸡繁殖期行为分配及生活习性,为黑水鸡的生境管理及保护提供科学依据。[方法]通过野外扫描取样与目标取样的方法研究繁殖期内黑水鸡行为节律与时间分配特点。[结果]野外观察表明,在黑水鸡繁殖期内,觅食行为所占时间分配比例最大,为74%;其次为游泳行为,为15%;行走行为占黑水鸡繁殖期行为的4%;黑水鸡在12:00～13:00时段有1个觅食行为低峰;在觅食行为及其时间分配上成鸟与幼鸟的差异极其明显。[结论]觅食行为是黑水鸡在繁殖期行为中的最主要行为,应在该阶段加强对黑水鸡生境管理,避免人为干扰。

[Objective]To investigate the distribution of reproduction behavior and life habit of Gallinula chloropus in order to support the protection and management of the habitation of Gallinula chloropus.[Method]The reproduction behavior of Gallinula chloropus and the characteristic of time distribution were studied by the scan sampling and the objective sampling method in the field.[ Result]Field observation showed that the foraging behavior shared the largest time distribution（74%）,the next was swimming behavior（15%）,walking behavior was only 4%;the stage of 12：00-13：00 was the low phase of foraging behavior of Gallinula chloropus.There were extremely obvious differences between adult and young bird in the characteristic of the foraging behavior and time distribution.[Conclusion]Foraging behavior is the major behavior in the reproduction behavior of Gallinula chloropus,managements of the habition and avoiding the man-made obstruction should be strengthened in this stage.