近39年来渭河上游主要气候因子变化特征

Change Characteristics of Main Climate Factors in the Upstream of Wei River in Recent 39 Years

渭河是影响陕西关中地区及甘肃东部工农业生产及人们生活的重要河流。为了探索近39年渭河上游主要气候变化特征,运用1971～2009年渭河上游流域11个气象站的资料,对气候因子变化特征进行了分析。结果表明,流域内降水呈下降趋势。温度以0.3℃/10a趋势上升,冬、春季增温趋势为0.4℃/10a,夏、秋季增温趋势不明显。潜在蒸散近年呈逐年上升趋势。降水减少、温度升高、潜在蒸散加强将不利于上游流域内及下游生态系统健康运行,加剧水资源的短缺程度。

Wei River is an important river which affects the industrial and agricultural production and people＇s life in Guanzhong district of Shanxi and the east of Gansu.To study the change characteristics of main climate factors in recent 39 years in the upstream of Wei River,we analyzed the change characteristics of climate factors by using the data in 11 meteorological stations in the upstream basin of Wei River during 1971-2009.The results showed that the precipitation presented the decline trend in the basin,and the temperature rose in 0.3 ℃/10a trend.The temperature increase trend was 0.4 ℃/10a in winter,spring and wasn＇t obvious in summer,autumn.The potential evapotranspiration presented the yearly increase trend in recent years.The precipitation decreased,and the temperature rose.Moreover,the potential evapotranspiration strengthened.It didn＇t favor for the healthy run of ecological system in the upstream,downstream basin and aggravated the shortage degree of water resources.