基于农业产业化视角的农户分化行为研究——以鄢陵县花木种植村为例

Differentiation of the Rural Households Based on Agricultural Industrialization

通过对鄢陵县3个花木种植村共102家农户的实地调查,结合问卷数据,研究了农区在推进农业产业化发展过程中的农户分化现象。重点讨论了不同类型农户的物质联系空间、信息联系空间的特点和等级尺度。以此为基础剖析了由专业农户向经纪人分化和由经纪人向企业经营者分化的影响因素以及农户分化的一般经验模式。结果表明,花农、花木经纪人和企业经营者的物质联系空间、信息空间的区域尺度依次增大,花农的信息空间小于其物质联系空间;花木经纪人和企业经营者的信息空间和物质联系空间大致相当;农户的分化具有一定的模式,花农依赖自身技术优势成为花工,当资金、网络关系及个人能力积累到一定程度就分化为花木经纪人,在适宜的政策、由于地方政府推动而创造的创业机会、花木经纪人个人的风险偏好特质以及有利于企业家衍生的制度文化传统下,花木经纪人开始规模化种植,在突破经纪人的物质联系和信息联系空间时就分化为企业经营者。

Based on an analysis of fieldwork data collected by the authors from 102 households in the villages of Yaojia,Jizhuang and Wuzi,we analyze the phenomenon of differentiation among behaviors of households who own different resources in the background of agricultural industrialization.The focus of this paper is to probe characteristics of the physical contact space,information contract space between different rural households such as farmers,brokers and entrepreneurs.Then,we focus on the driving forces behind the household differentiation process.Several conclusions can be drawn from this analysis.Firstly,the geographical domain increases as the households evolutes from farmers to entrepreneurs,and the farmers＇ physical contract space is larger than the information contract space while that of brokers and entrepreneurs equals.Secondly,there is a certain pattern existing in the evolution： based on the self-techniques,farmers evolutes to flower workers,and to brokers when the capital,social network and self-ability is sufficient.As a result of appropriate policy,opportunity of building business and the risk appetite characteristics,entrepreneurs may differentiate from the brokers.