老年人助听器配戴效果的问卷评估

The Outcome Analysis of Geriatric Hearing Aid Users

目的评估老年人配戴助听器的效果。方法采用日常生活助听满意度问卷(the satisfaction with amplification in daily life,SADL)和患者导向的听觉改善分级(client oriented scale of improvement,COSI)问卷门诊或电话随访62例老年助听器配戴者(年龄62～87岁,平均73.45±5.54岁,配戴助听器时间为6周左右)的主观效果,包括配戴助听器后听力残疾的改善程度、最终能力和满意度等,并将SADL问卷结果与Cox等1999年建立的标准值作比较;比较耳背式与耳内式、双耳与单耳助听器配戴效果的差异。结果 62例受试者SADL问卷总平均分4.97±0.35,积极作用4.38±0.51,服务与花费4.55±0.39,负面作用5.82±0.68,个人形象5.88±0.60分;COSI问卷改善程度的得分为3.05±0.57,最终能力3.54±0.45分(分值越高代表效果越好)。SADL问卷在负面作用方面的得分高于Cox的标准,耳背式助听器在个人形象方面的得分低于耳内式助听器,在负面作用方面的得分高于耳内式,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单双耳配戴助听器后SADL和COSI问卷的得分差异均无统计学意义。结论 SADL和COSI问卷作为评估老年人助听器配戴效果的有效方法,简单易懂、耗时短;对于老年人,耳背式助听器在负面作用方面好于耳内式,个人形象方面差于耳内式助听器。

Objective To evaluate outcomes of geriatric hearing aid users by questionnaires. Methods After being fitted with hearing aids for 6 weeks, SAJ）L and COSI were applied to evaluating 62 senior patients from 62 to 87 years, with a mean 73.45±5.54. The study was carried face to face or by telephone and the results were compared between BTEs and ITEs, unilateral and bilateral fittings. Results The SADL scores for the 62 subjects are： Global Scores were 4. 97±0. 35, Positive Effect 4.38±0.51, Service ＆ Cost 4.55＋_0.39, Negative Features 5.82±0.68, Personal Image 5.88±0. 60; the COSI scores are： Degree of Change 3.05±0.57, Final Ability 3.54±0.45 （high score represents good outcome）. Negative features score of SADL is higher than the norms by Robyn Cox ＆ Genevieve Alexander, but the Personal image score of BTEs is lower than ITEs, negative features score is opposite and they both have statistical difference. COSI scores all have no statistical difference in different hearing aid types, unilateral and bilateral fittings. Conclusion Because of the development of technology and economy, the hearing aid outcomes have improved. BTEs are better than ITEs in negative features, but worse in personal image. As effective tools for evaluating hearing aid outcome, SADL and COSI are simple to understand by subjects and only need several minutes to complete, so both of the tools can be used in clinics.