清江水布垭水库农村移民安置区环境容量研究

STUDIES ON ENVIRONMENTAL CAPACITY OF THE SETTLEMENT AREA IN THE REGION OF SHUIBUYA RESERVOIR ON THE QINGJIANG RIVER

清江是长江流出三峡之后的第一条大支流，发源于鄂西利川市，自西向东流经湖北省的１０ 个县（ 市） ，于宜都市注入长江，在清江建设水布垭水电站是“流域、梯级、滚动、综合”开发利用清江水利资源的重要决策，将促进区域经济的发展。水布垭水库淹没涉及巴东、鹤峰、建始、宣恩、恩施５ 县（ 市） 的陆地面积５５ ．４ ｋｍ２ ，其中耕园地１ １４７ ．８ ｈｍ２ 。淹没线下现居住人口９ ７８８ 人，其中农村人口７ ９４４ 人，至移民搬迁年，农村规划生产安置人口１０ ３２４ 人。安置区选择为库周边的１９ 个淹没涉及乡镇的１４９ 个村（ 场） ，现有国土面积９１７ ．２ ｋｍ２ ，农业人口１６４ ３６４人，耕园地２０ ３４５ ｈｍ２ ，有可利用荒山荒地１１ １９３ ｈｍ２ ，低产地约９ ０００ ｈｍ２ 。安置区环境容量由三个部分组成：①种植业，规划用于移民的总耕园地１ １１４ ．８ ｈｍ２ ，来自开荒、改造和征用老居民耕地，可安置９５ ．７ ％ 的移民。②二、三产业可安置４ ．３ ％ 的移民。③林牧业可作为分流劳动力的潜在容量。

Qingjiang River is the first large tributary at the middle reaches of Yangtze River when it is running out of the Three Gorges.It takes its source in Lichuan city in the southwest of Hubei province,winding through ten counties and cities in Hubei from west to east,emptying into the Yangtze River at Yidu city.The total length of the mainstream is 423 km,with total hydraulic drops of 1 430 m.The construction of Shuibuya Reservoir is an important decision of developing the water resource of Qingjiang River made according to the development strategy of “Basin,cascade,rolling and comprehensiveness'.This project will promote the economic development in this region. The future Shuibuya Reservoir will inundate 55.4 km\+2 terrestrial land area of the counties(cities)of Badong,Hefeng,Jianshi,Xuanen and Enshi.and 10 324 persons must be arranged for resettling.According to the plan,the resettlement area involves 19 towns around the reservoir, covering \{917.2 km\+2\},with cultivated and garden land of 20 345 hm\+2,with rural population of \{164 364,\} arable wastes land 11 193 hm\+2 and low yield farmland about 9 000 hm\+2. The environmental capacity of the resettlement area includes three parts:(1)Through reclaiming waste land,reforming low yield slope farm land and commandering surplus cultivated land from aboriginal residents,114.8 hm\+2 farming land could be obtained and 95.7% of the total number of resettlers might be arranged.(2) 4.3% of total resettlers might be transferred to small enterprises or to other 2 nd and 3 rd undertakings. (3)Foresting and animal husbandry will provide job for resettlers.