湘鄂赣三省粮食产业及其可持续发展对策

PROBLEMS AND COUNTERMEASURES FOR SUSTAINABLE GRAIN DEVELOPMENT IN THREE PROVINCES IN THE MIDDLE YANGTZE BASIN

长江中游湘、鄂、赣三省历来是我国粮食主产区，目前是我国南方１５ 省（ 市） 中主要的三个粮食调出省。该区粮食产业的持续发展，在我国粮食总量平衡和区域平衡的供需格局中具有不可替代的战略地位。随着改革开放和工业化进程向内陆推进，该区粮食产业持续发展具要重要意义。本文分析三省区近十多年来粮食生产状况，阐述了粮食生产持续发展的重要性，从耕地变化、自然灾害、经营机制及现有经济技术水平方面，探讨该区域粮食持续发展存在的问题。

The middle Yangtze valley,including Hunan,Hubei and Jiangxi provinces,has been the prime grain production region in China and now is the main merchandise grain base in South China.The sustainable development of grain production in this region plays an important role in the grain supply and demand balance of the whole country.The region will face some restrictive factores on its grain development when it comes to the industrialization period,such as:(1) The reducing of cultivation area makes it hard to increase the grain total yield;(2) The natural agriculture disasters keep in a high frequency and bring great loss;(3) Lower marketability of grain industry lead to the shortage of need investment;(4) The general reward rate of grain production is low;(5) The economic strenght of the region as a whole is lagging hehind. In order to realize the sustainable grain development,5 countermeasures are given:(1) Stabilize the tillage area;(2) Carry out inclination policy to wards grain industry;(3) Enhancing the research on moderate scale of production;(4) Strengthen technical integration in grain production;(5) Protect and improve the agricultural environment.