植物半胱氨酸合成及调控研究进展

Advancement in Research on Synthesis and Regulation of Cysteine in Plants

硫是植物重要的营养元素。植物将氧化态硫吸收并还原后,首先合成半胱氨酸使其进入各种代谢途径。合成半胱氨酸的两种酶——丝氨酸乙酰转移酶和O-乙酰丝氨酸硫醇裂合酶均由多基因家族编码,并能可逆的结合形成二酶复合物进行有效的合成调节。本文对近年来半胱氨酸合成相关酶表达、定位、活性调控及转基因效果研究进展作了简要介绍,并对将来需要重点研究的方面作了展望。

Sulfur is an essential element that is taken up by plants in the oxidation state form, reduced to H2S, and first incorporated into cysteine before involving metabolic processes. Cysteine synthesis occurs through two sequential reactions catalyzed by serine acetyltransferase （SAT） and O-acetylserine（thiol）lyase （OAS-TL）, both of which are encoded by multigene families, and reversibly form a dienzyme complex to play a regulatory role. In this review, we summarize the recent progress made in the understanding of Cys synthesis, including the isoform expression, localization, activity regulation as well as efficiency of genetic transformation. Finally, aspects of the particularly important research in the future are suggested.