成都10种外来杂草叶片比叶重和光合色素含量的研究

Leaf Mass Per Area and Photosynthetic Pigments of 10 Alien Weeds in Chengdu City

以成都地区分布广泛的10种杂草为材料,比较10种杂草的比叶重和光合作用色素。结果表明紫茉莉(Mirabilis jalapa L.)、加拿大蓬(Erigeron canadensis L.)、圆叶牵牛[Pharbitis purpurea(Linn.)Voigt]、土荆芥(Chenopodium ambrosioides L.)、辣子草(Galinsoga parviflora Cav.)、反枝苋(Amaranthus retroflexus L.)等6种的Chl a/b均约等于3或大于3,适应于强光环境;野茼蒿[Crassocephalum crepidioides(Benth.)S.Moore]、钻形紫菀(Aster subulatus Michx)、空心莲子草[Alternanthera philoxeroides(Mart.)Griseb]、苍耳(Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder]等4种杂草的Chl a/b小于2,比较耐荫;钻形紫菀的比叶重最大,其次是反枝苋,辣子草的比叶重最小。入侵植物紫茉莉、加拿大蓬、反枝苋、土荆芥、辣子草具有较高的Ccar/Chl,对逆境胁迫具有较强的抵抗能力。

The photosynthetic pigment contents in the leaves and leaf mass per area（LMA） were investigated for 10 weed species in Chengdu City.The results showed that six weed species including Mirabilis jalapa L.,Erigeron canadensis L.,Pharbitis purpurea（Linn.） Voigt,Chenopodium ambrosioides L.,Galinsoga parviflora Cav.and Amaranthus retroflexus L.adapted to high light biotope because their Chl a / b was nearly or larger than 3.But Crassocephalum crepidioides（Benth.） S.Moore,Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder,Aster subulatus Michx.and Alternanthera philoxeroides（Mart.）Griseb fit to shade biotope because Chl a / b﹤2.LMA was also various in different species,e.g.A.subulatus with the highest value,A.retroflexus the secondary and G.parviflora the lowest.Five invasive weeds including M.jalapa,E.canadensis,A.retroflexus,C.ambrosioides and G.parviflora had a strong resistance to stress because their Ccar/Chl were higher.