追肥对丘北辣椒土壤微生物数量的影响研究

Effect of Top Dressing on Quantity of Soil Microorganisms in Qiubei Pepper Field of Yunnan

采用微生物培养法研究追肥对云南省丘北辣椒旺盛生长期、开花坐果期、盛果期和收获期土壤细菌、放线菌、真菌、自生固氮菌、纤维分解菌、钾细菌、有机磷细菌和无机磷细菌数量的影响。结果表明,丘北辣椒土壤微生物数量在旺盛生长期和收获期较多。追肥增加辣椒4个时期的土壤细菌、放线菌、真菌、自生固氮菌数量,开花坐果期的钾细菌和有机磷菌,除盛果期外的无机磷细菌数量,对丘北辣椒土壤纤维分解菌数量没有增加效果。在辣椒旺盛生长期和开花坐果期进行追肥,S5处理(基肥50%,2次追肥各25%加0.1%微肥)对丘北辣椒土壤细菌、自生固氮菌和钾细菌,S1处理(基肥50%,2次追肥各25%)对土壤放线菌,S3处理(基肥30%,追肥40%+30%)处理对土壤无机磷细菌,S4处理(基肥60%,2次追肥各20%)对土壤真菌数量有较好的增加效果。

Effects of top dressing on the quantity of soil bacteria,actinomycetes,fungi,azotobacter,cellulose-decomposing bacteria,potassium bacteria,organic phosphate-dissolving bacteria and inorganic phosphate-dissolving bacteria in Qiubei pepper field of Yunnan Province were studied by microbial cultivation in pepper＇s bloom-growth,blossom,fruit and harvest period.The results showed as follows： the quantity of soil microorganisms in Qiubei pepper field in bloom-growth and harvest period was high.The quantity of soil bacteria,actinomycetes,fungi and azotobacter in all 4 periods,potassium bacteria and organic phosphate-dissolving bacteria in blossom period,inorganic phosphate-dissolving bacteria except in fruit period were enhanced by top dressing.When the top dressing was carried out in the bloom-growth and blossom period,the quantity of soil bacteria,azotobacter and potassium bacteria of S5（base fertilizer 50 % and twice top dressing 25 %＋0.1 % trace fertilizer）,actinomycetes of S1（base fertilizer 50 % and twice top dressing 25 %）,inorganic phosphate-dissolving bacteria of S3（base fertilizer 30 % and twice top dressing 40 %＋30 %）,and fungi of S4（base fertilizer 60 % and twice top dressing 20 %） fertilization application increased greatly.