采收期对南水梨常温贮藏品质的影响

Effects of Different Harvesting Time on Storage Quality of Nansui Pear at Ambient Temperature

以南水梨为试材,研究了不同采收期即采收期Ⅰ(8月17日,盛花期后131 d)、采收期Ⅱ(8月25日,盛花期后139 d)和采收期Ⅲ(9月1日,盛花期后146 d)对果实贮藏品质的影响。结果表明:采收期Ⅰ的果实单果重最低,种子变黑指数较小,硬度下降最快,可滴定酸含量较高,固酸比较低,食用品质欠佳;采收期Ⅱ和采收期Ⅲ的果实因采收期推迟使单果重和种子变黑指数增大,硬度虽然变小,但变化平稳,可溶性固形物含量增加,可滴定酸含量减少,固酸比增大,但采收期Ⅱ果实由于硬度和可滴定酸含量大于采收期Ⅲ,因此更有利于果实贮藏品质的保持。综合考虑,认为采收期Ⅱ即盛花期后139 d为石家庄地区南水梨的适宜采收期。

Studies were carried out about the effects of different harvesting timeⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ（August 17th,August 25th,September 1st,that was 131,139,146 d,respectively after full bloom）on the storage quality of Nansui pear at ambient temperature.The results showed that fruits picked in harvesting timeⅠhad the qualities such as the lightest mean weight,the smallest seed blackening index,the quickest decrease of firmness,the highest content of titratable acid,lower ratio of total soluble substance and titratable acid.So the edible quality was not very well.However,fruits picked in harvesting time Ⅱor Ⅲ increased the mean weight,seed blackening index and total soluble substance,decreased the firmness more slowly,and titratable acids content as well.Thus the ratio of total soluble substance increased.As fruits picked in harvesting time Ⅱhad higher firmness and titratable acid content than those of Ⅲ,they were better for the storage.In a conclusion,harvesting time Ⅱ,that was 139 d after full bloom was suitable for harvesting of Nansui pear in Shijiazhuang district.