利用泥鳅染色体损伤监测改性炭K对造纸污水的净化作用

Utilization of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus Chromosome Damage for Monitoring Purification Effect of Modified Carbon K on Paper Mill Effluent

本试验利用泥鳅红细胞微核率的变化来监测污水的对其染色体的诱变。结果表明:泥鳅红细胞在染毒处理48 h后微核率及核异常率呈现统计学上的显著增加。在不同浓度污水的染毒试验中,泥鳅红细胞微核率和核异常率呈现明显的剂量依赖性增加,其中体积分数为原污水70%浓度组泥鳅微核率与核变形率和空白对照组相比就达到显著差异水平,体积分数为原污水100%浓度组泥鳅微核率和核异常率均达到最大值。表明造纸厂污水具有一定的诱变活性。加入2.5 g.L-1的改性炭K对污水进行处理48 h后,泥鳅红细胞的微核率和核异常率都有明显的下降,其中微核率与对照组相比,只有处理浓度为100%的泥鳅微核率变化达到显著水平,其余处理浓度均未达到差异水平;而核异常率与对照组相比,处理浓度为80%的未达到差异水平,而90%和100%的泥鳅核异常率变化均达到显著差异水平。表明改性炭K具有净化污水的作用,但量还需要增加。

In this trial,the chromosome mutation induced by paper mill effluent,was monitored with the rate of micronuclei in erythrocytes.The results showed the erythrocytes were treated with poisoning for 48 h,their micronucleus and abnormal nucleus had a statistically significant increase.Under the different concentration of the sewage in this experiment,the erythrocytes micronucleus and abnormal nucleus obviously increased with the increase of sewage concentration dosage,which was 70 % of raw sewage concentration,and compared with blank control group,the loach micronucleus and nuclear deformation reached significant difference;and 100 % of raw sewage concentration reached the maximum rate.It indicated that the paper mill effluent had a inducing activity in some extent.Adding 2.5 g·L-1 modification carbon K into the sewage for 48 h,the loachs micronucleus and abnormal nucleus obviously decreased,and compared with the control group,the loach micronucleus only at 100 % concentration significant difference,and did not so at other concentration;compared with the control group,the nuclear abnormality at 80 % of concentration did not achieve the significant difference,while at 90 % and 100 % of concentration,the nuclear abnormality were significantly different in the level.The trial proved the modified carbon K had a water purification role,but the amount should increase.