论洛克关于政府起源及其建立的可能性

Locke's Discussion about Origin of Government and Its Possibility to be Established

洛克的政治哲学并不是传统所认为的那样在《政府论》中得以完整表述,而应当结合其《人类理解论》才能得以完整的理解。洛克以其独有的谨慎确保其政府学说的确定性,包括理论层面上的可能性与实践操作的可能性。在理论层面,洛克通过对那个时代自然法的三种理解即上帝、城邦道德及理性的三重颠覆,开辟了自然法向自然权利转变的道路,为政府起源奠定了其本身的政治哲学基础。在实践层面,洛克通过人类结成公民社会的心理分析及操作可能性分析,论证了政府何以可能持续运转。

Locke＇ s political philosophy is not expressed totally in the Two Treatises of Government. Instead, it can only be explained Clearly combining with An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. Locke ensures the definition of his thoughts about government with his caution, including the definition of theory and practice. As far as theory, Locke refuses three popular understandings about natural law, God, the moral of city and reason, thus makes the way form natural law to natural right and makes the latter as the basement of his political philosophy. In the matter of practice, Locke approved the possibility of the lasting operation of government through human＇s psychological analysis on forming citizen society and practical ability.