中俄、中哈边境地区莱姆病自然疫源地调查研究

INVESTIGATION OF LYME DISEASE FOCUS OF NATURAL INFECTION IN THE BORDER AREAS NEAR RUSSIA AND KAZAKHSTAN

目的：调查边境地区莱姆病和自然疫源地的状况。方法：对血清学、病原学、宿主、媒介、病例和地理景观方面进行调查。结果：用ＩＦＡ和ＥＬＩＳＡ法共检测人畜血清１ ５０１ 份，从１９９ 份人血清中检出抗体阳性１８ 份，阳性率为９ ．０５％ ，并发现莱姆病典型患者１５ 例；检查马血清２０ 份，阳性５ 份，阳性率为２５ ．００ ％ ；检查牛血清３９９ 份，阳性６９ 份，阳性率１７ ．２９ ％ ；检查羊血清８８３ 份，阳性１９９ 份，阳性率２２．５４ ％ 。调查地区为山间谷地，本次调查以森林、森林草原、草原和河漫滩草地生境为主。从四类生境采集蜱３０９０ 只和鼠类１２ 只。这些蜱共计８ 种，森林革蜱和银盾革蜱占绝大多数，中肠带菌率分别为１８ ．７５ ％ （６／３２） 和１３ ．３３ ％ （４／３０）。将蜱分为８６ 组，鼠类分为１２ 组分别接种培养于ＢＳＫ培养基，结果５ 个组培养出伯氏疏螺旋体（ Ｂｏｒｒｅｌｉａ ｂｕｒｇｄｏｒｆｅｒｉ） ，其中棕背 （ Ｃ．ｒｕｆｏｃａｎｕｓ） ２ 组，鼹形田鼠（ Ｅ．ｔａｌｐｉｎｕｓ）１ 组和森林革蜱（ Ｄ． ｓｉｌｖａｒｕｍ） ２ 组。结论：基于上述调查研究结果和流行病学资料分析，该地区为莱姆病自然疫源地。

Objestive: To in investigate conditions of Lyme disease and focus of natural infection in border area.Methods:Serology and etiology,host and vector, case and geographic landscape were examined.Results:1501 sera samples collected from human, horses, cattle and sheep were examined by IFA and ELISA. The positive rate of human was 9.05%(18/199), and 15 persons were found to be infected with Lyme disease. The positive rates of horses,cattle,sheep were 25.00%(5/20), 17.27%(69/399), 22.54%(199/883) respectively. 3090 ticks and 12 mice were trapped form forest,forest grassland, grassland and grassland by river. Those ticks belong to 8 species of 4 genera of 1 family. D. silvarum and D. nievus constitued the majority, the carrying rate of Borrelia burgdorferi in their mid-intestinal canal were 18.75%(6/32) and 13.33%(4/30) respectively. The ticks were divided into 86 groups. The mice were divided into 12 groups. They were cultured in BSK respectively. Borrelia burgdorferi was isolated from 2 groups of D. silvarum, 2 groups C. rufocanus and 1 group of E. talpinus. The Borrelia burgdorferi isolated was identified with multiclonal and monoclonal antibodies, the result was positive.Conclusion: the investigation of antibody of human and domestic animal sera, disease cases, Borrelia burgdorferi and its storage host, dissemination vehicle prove that the district is the focus of natural infection of Lyme disease.