水声信道有效声速估计方法及空间特征分析

Estimation method and spacial characteristic analysis of effective sound velocity in underwater acoustic channel

为准确快速获取水声信道有效声速以提高水声测距及定位精度,提出了一种分层海洋介质中空间有效声速的快速估计方法.该方法考虑了信道多途的影响,对浅海信道和深海信道中有效声速的计算均适用,尤其对于有效声速随空间变化复杂的浅海信道.该方法不需对空间各点声场进行计算,大大减小了计算量,易于实际工程应用.通过仿真和海试数据分析,得到了各环境要素对有效声速估计的影响规律及浅海信道有效声速空间变化的基本特征,验证了有效声速估计方法的有效性.

An accurate estimate algorithm of spacial effective sound velocity in a stratified ocean environment was advanced in order to acquire effective sound velocity of the underwater acoustic channel accurately in a short time for improving the precision of acoustic ranging and positioning.This method,based on a multi-path channel mode but eliminating calculation of the sound field in each spacial point,is suitable for both shallow sound channels and deep sound channels,and especially for shallow sound channels with complicated spacial characteristic of effective sound velocity.It is easy to use the method for actual project application because of its minimal calculations.The results of simulated data and experimental field data processing validate the estimate method and spacial characteristic of effective sound velocity in shallow sound channels.Furthermore,the factors of the ocean environment that influence the estimate of effective sound velocity in shallow sound channels were evaluated.