苏共执政的旧社会“负面合法性”的功能及其限度

The Function of "Negative Legitimacy" in the Old Society during the Period of the Ruling of CPSU and Its Limitation

在苏共执政的合法性资源之中,旧社会的"负面合法性"是重要内容之一。苏共在建立苏维埃政权之初,充分利用了旧社会的"负面合法性"资源,这对建立和巩固新政权,对确立苏共追求的社会主义政治秩序发挥了重要作用。旧社会"负面合法性"作为一种客观存在,其作用的发挥需要借助于一定的技术手段,营造出民众的阶级意识、苦难意识、翻身意识,在民众对旧社会憎恨的基础上,生发出对新社会热爱的情感。当然,旧社会"负面合法性"因受时间和统治绩效的影响,其作用的发挥是有限度的。虽然苏共执政的旧社会"负面合法性"在政权建立初期是一种既有效又廉价的合法性资源,但它又是一种不可再生的资源。

In legal resources of the ruling of CPSU,＂negative legitimacy＂ in the old society was one of important contents.The CPSU took full advantage of ＂negative legitimacy＂ in the old society for establishing and consolidating new Soviet political power.It played an important role for CPSU to establish and consolidate the new regime and establish socialist political order which CPSU pursued.As an objective existence,＂negative legitimacy＂ in the old society needed the help of certain technical means and a wide range of political mobilization to play its role,so as to create a public class consciousness,suffering consciousness,turning over consciousness,and produce an emotional love for the new society on the basis of people＇s hate for the old society.Of course,its function was limited due to the impact of time and rule performance.Although ＂negative legitimacy＂ in the old society during the period of the ruling of CPSU in the early period of regime establishment was an effective and cheap legal resource,it was a non-renewable legal resource.