雌核发育牙鲆与普通牙鲆的肌肉营养成分比较

Comparison of nutritional composition in muscles of gynogenetic diploid and regular diploid of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

测定了牙鲆Paralichthys olivaceus幼鱼肌肉的水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗灰分,分析了肌肉氨基酸和脂肪酸组成及含量,对普通牙鲆和雌核发育牙鲆肌肉的营养成分进行了比较。牙鲆肌肉中粗蛋白含量均较高,达到21.3%,鲜味氨基酸——谷氨酸在所有氨基酸中含量最高,占到总量的2.9%,且不饱和脂肪酸具有较高水平。测定结果表明,普通牙鲆雌、雄个体间肌肉营养组成和含量无显著性差异(P>0.05),雌核发育牙鲆与普通牙鲆雌、雄间亦无显著差异(P>0.05);雌核发育牙鲆与普通牙鲆肌肉相比,其营养组成无明显差别,同样具有营养丰富、组成均衡等优点,雌核发育对鱼类营养成分并无不良影响。

In this study,the content of nutrients was determined for muscles of regular diploid and gynogenetic diploid of juvenile Paralichthys olivaceus.The contents of moisture,crude protein,lipid and crude ash were analyzed.The composition and content of amino acids and fatty acids were measured.The differences in the muscles of male and female diploids,and gynogenetic diploid were studied by statistical analysis.The results showed that the content of crude protein in the muscles of P.olivaceus was at high level up to 21.3%.The content of glutamic acid,which is one of the important flavour amino acids,is the most abundant one among 18 amino acids,accounting for 2.9% of total amino acids.Polyunsaturated fatty acids were sufficient in P.olivaceus muscles.There were no significant differences in muscle nutrient content either between female and male individuals（P0.05）or between regular diploid and gynogenetic diploid individuals（P0.05）.In conclusion,the muscle of P.olivaceus is high in nutrition.It is revealed that the gynogenetic diploid individuals have equal and balanced nutrient level as the regular diploid individuals.Gynogenesis has no negative effect on fish muscle nutrient.