2-苯氧乙醇和丁香酚对许氏平鲉幼鱼麻醉效果的实验研究

Effects of 2-phenoxyethanol and clove oil as anaesthetics on juvenile Sebastes schlegeli

研究了2-苯氧乙醇、丁香酚麻醉两个规格许氏平鲉幼鱼的效果。幼鱼呼吸频率随麻醉剂浓度的上升而显著下降(P<0.001),在高浓度液(2-苯氧乙醇:500、600、800μl/L;丁香酚:60、80μl/L)中可在短时间内降低为0(休克),在中浓度液(2-苯氧乙醇:400μl/L;丁香酚:30、40μl/L)中存在不同程度下降,而低浓度液(2-苯氧乙醇:200、300μl/L;丁香酚:10、20μl/L)对呼吸频率总体影响较小。同等浓度麻醉剂对小规格幼鱼呼吸频率的影响(P<0.01)高于大规格幼鱼。2-苯氧乙醇中大规格幼鱼的入麻、休克和复苏时间均长于小规格幼鱼(P<0.05)。大规格幼鱼对麻醉剂的耐受能力强于小规格幼鱼;复苏能力方面,丁香酚麻醉的大规格幼鱼复苏迟于小规格幼鱼,但2-苯氧乙醇麻醉的大、小规格幼鱼复苏时间无差异。综合考虑入麻、休克、复苏时间和死亡率,认为使用2-苯氧乙醇、丁香酚麻醉许氏平鲉幼鱼的理想浓度分别为300、20μl/L。

Schlegel＇s rockfish Sebastes schlegeli,distributed in the western North Pacific,is an important offshore cage-culture fish species in the Yellow Sea and Bo-hai Sea of China.Schlegel＇s rockfish juvenile,55.2mm（short juvenile,SJ）and 99.0mm（long juvenile,LJ）in total length（TL）,were exposed to seawater containing different concentrations of 2-phenoxyethanol（200~800mg/L）or clove oil（10~80 mg/L）.The anaesthetic effects of 2-phenoxyethanol and clove oil were studied.Generally,the respiratory rate of SJ（22.8/10s）was higher than that of LJ（19.7/10s）.The respiratory rate decreased significantly（P0.001）as the anaesthetic concentration increased.It dropped to zero in a short time（shock stage）at high concentrations（2-phenoxyethanol：500,600,800 μl/L;clove oil：60,80 μl/L）,while decreased to different levels at medium concentrations（2-phenoxyethanol：400 μl/L;clove oil：30,40 μl/L）,and it was mildly affected at low concentrations（2-phenoxyethanol：200,300 μl/L;clove oil：10,20 μl/L）.The anaesthetic time,shock time and recovery time of LJ were longer than SJ in 2-phenoxyethanol.The anti-anaesthetic ability of LJ was greater than SJ.In recovery period,the LJ recovered later than SJ in seawater with clove oil,but there was no similar phenomenon observed in 2-phenoxyethanol.In terms of anaesthetic time,shock time,recovery time and mortality,the optimum concentration of 2-phenoxyethanol and clove oil was 300 μl/L and 20 μl/L respectively.