日本农业劳动力转移模式对宁夏的启示

Inspiration for Ningxia of the transfer pattern of agriculture labor in Japan

农业劳动力的转移是宁夏社会经济发展的重要任务.根据农业劳动力转移模式的有关理论,分析了日本和宁夏在农业劳动力转移模式上所呈现的特点.研究发现,日本农业劳动力转移属于典型的跳跃式模式、从城镇化到非农化转移模式以及就地转移和异地转移并存模式,相比之下,宁夏则呈现初步跳跃式转移,无城镇化和非农化特征,就地转移明显.借鉴日本的经验,宁夏农业劳动力的转移应在加速农业产业化、调整产业结构、壮大第三产业、城镇化建设等方面寻求解决之道,并由此提出了可行性政策建议.

It is quite important that agriculture labor transfer to cities or non-agriculture industries in the development of society and economics in Ningxia.According to the theories about transfer pattern of agriculture labor,we analyzed the features of transfer mode of agricultural labor in Japan and Ningxia.The study showed that it was a typical leaping mode,conversion of urbanization into being nonagricultural and coexistence of local transfer and remote transfer in Japan;by comparison,it was a preliminary leaping mode,without feature of urbanization and being nonagricultural and significant local transfer in Ningxia.Learning from the experience in Japan,we will seek the resolution of agriculture labor transfer in Ningxia by speeding up the industrialization of agriculture,adjusting the industrial structure,strengthening the tertiary industry and constructing the city,etc.Accordingly,some feasible policy recommendations were put forward.