唐朝农业公共物品供给制度特征探析——以农田水利灌溉设施为例

Agricultural Public Goods Supply System in Tang Dynasty——Farmland irrigation facilities for example

唐朝农田水利设施建设成绩辉煌,其中制度的作用功不可没。小农经济下水利灌溉设施的非排他性公共物品特性决定了作为唯一可以合法使用暴力并具有"规模经济"的政府组织具有提供优势。唐朝水利灌溉设施的政府主导供给模式,可以有效地解决公共物品提供中"个体理性导致的集体非理性"的"免费搭车"现象,降低了供给中的协商成本与组织成本,基本满足了农业生产对水利灌溉的需要。

The Tang Dynasty government made outstanding achievements in the construction of irrigation and water conservancy facilities.System construction played an inestimable role.Under the background of the small-scale peasant economy,non-exclusive public products of irrigation facilities made the government the only legitimate violence with scale economy and advantages of irrigation facilities.The leading supply mode of the Tang Dynasty government could effectively solve problem of the free ride phenomenon in the provision of the public products with ＂the collective irrational due to individual rationality＂ while reducing the cost of consultation and organization,and basically meeting the demand of agricultural production in irrigation.