善卷原初道德思想行为考论

Research on the Original Morality,Ideology and Behavior of Shanjuan

善卷是中国古代一位著名的"隐者",因其辞让帝王之位、具有"至德"而被人们千古传颂。但是,他所拥有及代表的"道德"内涵究竟为何?却一直未能予以应有的和准确的揭示。本文主要依据去古未远的先秦文献资料,对善卷的"道德"内涵进行了较为深入的考论,认为善卷所展示的道家"道德",包蕴有自然哲学、道德观与生存方式等丰富内涵,兼顾人与人以及人与自然的关系,是对人与自然关系的积极探索和身体力行的追求,从而将"道德"超脱单纯的社会伦理范畴,提高到与自然界和谐一致的哲学高度。这就是先秦善卷"至德"的原初形象。可以为解决和摆脱当前人类社会面临的内外困境提供借鉴,并具有"可持续发展"的特质,因而具有积极的现实意义。

Shanjuan,one of the famous ＂hermits＂ in ancient China,was on the lips of the broad masses through the ages with the ＂supreme morals＂ for his politely refusal of the emperor position.However,the connotation of ＂morals＂ he possessed and represented has not been able to reveal properly and accurately.After the deeply research on ＂morals＂ connotation of Shanjuan on the basis of literature in pre-Qin Dynasty,this paper pointed out that Taoist ＂morals＂ of Shanjuan have contained rich connotations,such as natural philosophy,morality and life style,giving the consideration to the human relations and the relationship between human and nature.Shanjuan＇s ＂morals＂,a kind of actively exploring and practical pursuit of the relationship between human and nature,were elevated from the pure areas of social ethics to a philosophical level in harmony with nature.This was the original image of ＂supreme morals＂ of Shanjuan in pre-Qin Dynasty.Because it could provide reference for resolving and free from the current internal and external difficulties human society were facing,and featured by ＂sustainable development＂ characteristics,it has positive realistic significance.