刑法溯及力规范之理论基础与体系性功能

The Rationales of the Criminal Law Norm of Retroactivity and its Systematic Functions

我国刑法溯及力规范采取从旧兼从轻原则。法之告知公布与可预测性原理、既得利益之保护原理以及法之安定性与信赖利益保护原理共同构成了不同时期刑法溯及力规范的理论基础。刑法溯及力规范对维护社会秩序、培养法律忠诚、促进平等以及保障公民自由具有重要功能。我国刑法溯及力规范仍然存在一些缺陷,其发展方向应当是:赋予刑法溯及力规范宪法性地位,在刑事立法、司法解释与适用等领域严格贯彻从旧兼从轻原则。

In China,the criminal law norm of retroactivity adopts the principle of in accordance with old and light law.The theory of announcement and predictability of law,the theory of vested interest protection and the theory of the stability of law and the trust benefit protection constitute the rationales of the criminal law norm of retroactivity together in different times.The criminal law norm of retroactivity has functions of keeping social order,cultivating the loyalty of law,enforcing equity and guaranteeing citizens’ freedom and rights.However,there are some weaknesses in Chinese criminal law norm of retroactivity,and its development direction should include such aspects： the highest power of legislation should entrust the criminal law norm of retroactivity a constitutional position,and in such fields as criminal legislation,judicial interpretation and application should implement the principle of in accordance with old and light law strictly.