我国仲裁员制度的缺陷及运行失范之矫正

The defects of arbitrator system in China and the correction of losing its model function

仲裁员队伍是仲裁制度的脊梁,仲裁员则是仲裁的灵魂。自1995年9月1日仲裁法实施以来,我国的仲裁事业在十几年的时间里取得了长足的发展。然而,近年来仲裁员制度的缺陷及制度运行失范亦日渐凸显,其主要表现为:仲裁员法定条件宽松,聘任仲裁员不合条件,名册仲裁员信息量不足,当事人选定仲裁员盲目,选择首席、独任仲裁员权利落空,驻会仲裁员大量存在,仲裁诉讼化倾向严重,办案仲裁员收入微薄,精英仲裁员消极退阵,对仲裁权监督的立法不足,仲裁员责任虚化,仲裁质量及信誉下降等。我国仲裁员制度的缺陷与运行失范现象亟待矫正,应采取措施为:取消仲裁员资格的模糊性规定,建立、实行严进宽出的仲裁员淘汰机制,广泛披露仲裁员信息,取消驻会仲裁员,改革首席、独任仲裁员产生办法及仲裁报酬办法,建立相关聘任不合法仲裁员、仲裁员信息虚假公布、仲裁员过错等方面的责任追究制度等。

The team of arbitrators is the backbone of arbitration system,while arbitrators are the soul of arbitration.The arbitration undertaking has developed fast in the past decades since the implementation of the Arbitration Law on September 1,1995.However,the defects of the arbitrator system and its operation without standard are becoming increasingly prominent.It mainly shows in the following aspects： the legal conditions for arbitrators are not strict;the employment of arbitrators doesnt’ conform to the requirements;the information for the registered arbitrators is not enough;the parties choose the arbitrators blindly;the parties dont’ have the right to choose the presiding arbitrator or the sole arbitrator;there are too many arbitrators working in the arbitration commissions;the arbitration lawsuit becomes serious;the income of the case arbitrators are low,the elite arbitrators negatively retreat;the legislation on the supervision of arbitration is not enough;the responsibility of arbitrators are becoming weak;the quality and credit of arbitration have dropped,etc.All the problems mentioned above are needed to be corrected immediately.The measures that should be taken are as follows： canceling the fuzzy rules of the arbitrator qualification,founding and implementing a strict arbitrator elimination mechanism;extensively disclosing arbitrators’information,canceling arbitrators working in the arbitration commission,reforming the election of presiding and sole arbitrators and arbitration remuneration,founding the responsibility system to deal with the cases of employing illegal arbitrators,the false announcement of arbitrator information and arbitrator fault,etc.