先秦儒法两家重农思想之比较

Comparison of Physiocracy Between Confucianists and Legalists in Pre-Qin Period

春秋战国时期,儒法两家就农业发展的问题进行了一系列探讨,形成了各具特色的重农思想。在重农的目的上,儒家主张裕民兴教,法家推崇农战强国;在重农手段上,儒家主张采用引导劝教的方法,法家推崇法术权利的运用;在对士农关系的认识上,儒家主张士不用稼,法家则推崇粟爵粟任,以促进农业生产的发展。两家思想各有差异,对今天"三农问题"的解决具有重要启迪。

During the Spring and Autumn Period（770-476B.C.） and the Warring States Period（475-221B.C.）,both the Confucianists and Legalists conducted a series of discussions over the development of agriculture and formed their own physiocracy of distinctive features.For the purpose of valuing and developing agriculture,Confucianists claimed to enrich people and promote education,but Legalists highlighted the thought of making the country strong by developing agriculture.On the method of physiocracy,Confucianists advocated the way of guiding and persuading the people,while the Legalists held that law and rights should be used to achieve the purpose.On the understanding of the relationship between scholars and farmers,Confucianists maintained scholars were not related to farming while Legalists maintained that people used the surplus income to get praise or ranks from the governmet to promote the development of agricultural production.The thoughts of both sides were different and had great enlightenment for today＇s three issues concerning agriculture,countryside and farmers.