聚合酶链反应单链构象多态性分析对人非小细胞肺癌p53基因突变的检测

Detection of p53 gene mutations in non small cell lung cancer by polymerase chain reaction single strand conformation polymorphism analysis

目的：探讨ｐ５３ 基因突变在中国人非小细胞肺癌发生中的作用。方法：利用聚合酶链反应单链构象多态性分析（ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ）方法，对４８ 例临床肺癌标本（以相应远离肺癌的正常肺组织为对照）进行ｐ５３ 基因突变检测。结果：（１）ｐ５３ 基因突变频率为５６．２５％ （２７／４８）；（２） ｐ５３ 基因突变频率与肿瘤组织类型、淋巴结转移、年龄及性别无统计学相关；（３） ｐ５３ 基因突变频率与肿瘤分化程度存在明显负相关（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）；（４）吸烟者ｐ５３ 突变频率高于非吸烟者（分别为５８．３％ 和３３．３％ ），但无统计学差异；（５） ６／７ 具有组织浸润及远处转移的肿瘤标本存在ｐ５３ 突变。结论：ｐ５３ 基因突变在中国人肺癌发生过程中发挥重要作用，在肺癌中存在ｐ５３ 基因突变提示患者预后不良；而且ｐ５３基因突变与吸咽及肺癌高转移性相关。

Objective: To assess the pathogenic significance of p53 gene alterations in Chinese non small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) because mutations of the p53 tumor suppressor gene are the most frequent genetic alterations detected in human lung cancer. Methods: 48 cases of primary lung cancer were analyzed for mutations of the p53 gene(exons 5-8) using polymerase chain reaction single strand conformation polymorphism analysis(PCR SSCP) method. Results: p53 mutations were observed in 56.25%(27/48). No correlation was found between the incidence of p53 mutations and histological type, lymph node metastasis, age or sex. Significant association between p53 mutations and degree of differentiation was observed. The frequency of p53 mutations in smokers was higher than in nonsmokers, but with no statistical significance. Conclusion: These results suggest that smoking be an important factor in lung carcinogenesis and p53 mutation be an indicator of poor prognosis.