民法与刑法上财产占有概念之比较

Comparison of Possession Concept in Civil Law and Criminal Law

民法与刑法上的占有,都是指占有人以占有意思对财产进行实际的控制与支配,但民法上的占有与刑法上的占有在占有的意思、占有的对象物、占有的客观、占有制度功能方面均有不同。民法上的占有在客观方面不仅表现为对物的事实上控制与支配,也包括通过法律关系的间接控制与支配。刑法占有作为一种单纯的事实支配状态,其法律手段对财物的控制与支配看重的是占有人对财物的现实控制与处分地位。梁丽案是民法上的占有,不属于刑法上的占有。

Both of possessions in civil law and criminal law are to control and dominate over property in fact by possessors with intentions,but there also exist differences in intention,object,objective elements and system function.The objective elements of possession in civil law contain control and domination over things in fact and indirect control and domination by legal relation.As a simple possession fact,the control and domination over things by legal means of the possession in criminal law emphasize the possessor status of actual control and use over property.The Liangli case belongs to possession in civil law rather than criminal law.