中国农业非点源污染现状及控制措施

Status and Control Measures of Agricultural Non-point Pollution

解决农业非点源污染属世界性难题.由于农业生产压力逐年加大、农村人口众多、特别是非点源污染的种类多,分布面广,所以控制农业非点源污染的工作就更加艰难.目前在农业生产活动中,大量施用的化肥、农药以及集约化养殖导致的农业污染,已成为农村水环境污染的主要原因.

The agricultural non-point source pollution is the key section of non-point source pollution as well as the most universal non-point source pollution.Its main characteristics are the randomness of the region where the pollution takes places,the uncertainty of the effluent pathway and the discharged effluent,the diversity of the spatial distribution of the pollution load.With the effective governance of the point source pollution in domestic life and industry,the agricultural non-point source pollution has been a hot topic.Based on the concept of Non-point pollution of agriculture,this paper firstly discusses the pathway of pollution,the main pollutants,the status quo and hazards,then briefly introduces the control measures of non-point pollution,finally makes prediction for the trend of its research orientation.