南京明孝陵核心景区植物景观剖析

Analysis of Plant Landscape of Core Area of Nanjing Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum

南京明孝陵是明朝开国皇帝朱元璋及马皇后的合葬陵墓,明孝陵核心景区即石象路至宝城段,本文着重分析此核心区的植物景观。通过分析得出,植物的量是帝王陵寝等大型园林营建的最基本要素,只有满足了量的需求,才能满足美的需求。明孝陵核心景区植物景观遵循自然,在自然中合理创造规则景观,实现了规则——自然的过渡。核心景区内每个景点植物配置不尽相同,但都能恰如其分的表达出陵寝植物景观意图。植物景观注重因地制宜,同时植物景观融入了景观营建的精髓,充分展现了植物造景的七性。

Nanjing Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is the tomb where the founding Ming emperor Zhu Yuanzhang and Queen Ma were buried together.The core scenic spot of Ming Xiaoling mausoleum refers to the area from Sacred Road（stone sculptures road） to the section of Bao City.The focus of this paper is on the analysis of the plant landscape of this core area.According to the analysis,quantity of plants is the basic element of building large gardens such as imperial mausoleums.Only when the quantity criterion is met,can the needs of beantification be satisfied.The plant landscape here achieves a balanced transition from regular type to natural type.The plants within every specific scenic spot varie from each other,while at the same time all of them appropriately express the intension of landscaple design.Plant landscape here,paying attention to local conditions and at the same time incorporating the essence of landscape design,exhibit seven features of plant landscaping.