新疆野苹果与部分栽培品种花粉形态的比较

Comparison of pollen morphology of wild populations of Malus sieversii and some apple cultivars in Xinjiang

为了从孢粉学角度探讨新疆野苹果与部分栽培品种的亲缘关系,以新疆伊犁地区的新源县、巩留县、伊宁县、霍城县和塔城地区的托里县共5个居群中的野苹果及18份不同栽培苹果品种的花粉为试材,采用扫描电镜技术对其形态、大小、萌发孔和纹饰进行了观察,并以电子显微镜对其进行了定量测定。结果表明:与新疆栽培品种相比,除了纹饰有细微不同之外,新疆野苹果的其它形态特征相近,差异不明显,这说明新疆野苹果是新疆栽培苹果品种的重要种源之一。

In order to research genetic relationship of wild populations of Malus sieversii and some apple cultivars in Xinjiang,pollen morphology,size,aperture and exine ornamentation were observed and determined with scanning electron microscopy,taking 5 populations from Xinyuan County,Gongliu County,Yining County,Huocheng County and Tacheng State and 18 cultivars as materials.The results showed that the morphology characteristics between the wild populations and cultivars had little difference except exine ornamentation,so the wild populations should be major one of the origins of cultivars.