大众化文学道路上的艰难跋涉——评赵树理的小说创作

On Zhao Shuli's Novel Writing

在中国现当代文学发展史上,赵树理之所以具有独特、重要的位置,就在于他成功地开创了大众化文学潮流。赵树理的大众化文学思想和创作的特征有:首先是立足农村发展和农民利益,勇于提出一些敏锐、重要的社会问题,构成他所谓的"问题小说";其次是扎根于农民中间,与他们同甘共苦,在创作中真实地表达他们的生存状态、思想感情,准确地表现农村的时代变化、民情风俗;再者是真正把农民看作推动历史前进的主体,塑造出多种多样的农民形象来,让农民在文学舞台上占据应有的位置;最后一点是坚持文学为农民服务的思想,把民间艺术作为文学发展的基础,创造出一种通俗的、大众的、民族的审美形式来。

Zhao Shuli＇s unique and important position in the history of contemporary and modern Chinese literary development stems from his successful initiation of the popular literary trend.Zhao＇s popular literary thought and writing are characterized as follows： firstly,his focus on rural development and the interests of farmers as well as his courage in raising some acute and vital social issues-the very foundation of his ＂novels on problems＂;secondly,his commitment to farmers and his sharing weal and woe with them,his genuine embodiment of their living conditions,thoughts and feelings as well as his accurate representation of various changes and folkways in rural areas;thirdly,his view on the contribution of farmers to the progress of history and his delineation of a variety of farmer figures to the effect of endowing farmers with their deserved position;and lastly,his persistent thought of literature for farmers and of literary development being based on folk art to the point of his ability to present a common,popular and national aesthetic pattern.