论《人性的污秽》中的元小说叙事技巧

On the Metafictive Techniques in The Human Stain

元小说指的是"关于怎样写小说的小说"。在《人性的污秽》中,菲利普·罗思灵活地运用了元小说的叙事技巧,将小说创作的痕迹即小说写作的缘起、进展与结局等有意识地展现在读者面前,积极地邀请读者参与到对小说意义的建构之中,凸显了罗思书写《人性的污秽》的"自我意识"、小说叙事的虚构性与协商性,使小说成为具有开放性质的后现代文本,体现了后现代派小说创作的艺术特征。

Metafiction means a kind of fiction that tells how to write fiction.In The Human Stain,Philip Roth skillfully and flexibly employs the metafictive techniques to self-consciously present to the reader the writing traces of the novel such as its cause,its unfolding and its ending,inviting the reader to the construction of the novel＇s meanings in a positive way,foregrounding the ＂self-consciousness＂, the narrative fictionality and negotiation in the process of the writing,rendering the novel a postmodern text with open ending,and thus displaying the artistic characteristics of postmodernist fiction writing.